Summary: ATP synthase B/B' CF(0)
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ATP5F1 Edit Wikipedia article
| atp synthase b subunit dimerization domain | |||||||||
| Identifiers | |||||||||
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| Symbol | ATP-synt_B | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF00430 | ||||||||
| Pfam clan | CL0255 | ||||||||
| InterPro | IPR002146 | ||||||||
| SCOP | 1b9u | ||||||||
| SUPERFAMILY | 1b9u | ||||||||
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ATP synthase subunit b, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ATP5F1 gene.[1][2]
This gene encodes a subunit of mitochondrial ATP synthase. Mitochondrial ATP synthase catalyzes ATP synthesis, utilizing an electrochemical gradient of protons across the inner membrane during oxidative phosphorylation. ATP synthase is composed of two linked multi-subunit complexes: the soluble catalytic core, F1, and the membrane-spanning component, Fo, comprising the proton channel. The catalytic portion of mitochondrial ATP synthase consists of 5 different subunits (alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and epsilon) assembled with a stoichiometry of 3 alpha, 3 beta, and a single representative of the other 3. The proton channel seems to have nine subunits (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, F6 and 8). This gene encodes the b subunit of the proton channel.[2]
The b subunits are part of the peripheral stalk that links the F1 and FO complexes together, and which acts as a stator to prevent certain subunits from rotating with the central rotary element. The peripheral stalk differs in subunit composition between mitochondrial, chloroplast and bacterial F-ATPases. In bacterial and chloroplast F-ATPases, the peripheral stalk is composed of one copy of the delta subunit (homologous to OSCP in mitochondria), and two copies of subunit b in bacteria, or one copy each of subunits b and b' in chloroplasts and photosynthetic bacteria.[3]
[edit] References
- ^ Higuti T, Tsurumi C, Osaka F, Kawamura Y, Tsujita H, Yoshihara Y, Tani I, Tanaka K, Ichihara A (Sep 1991). "Molecular cloning of cDNA for the import precursor of human subunit B of H(+)-ATP synthase in mitochondria". Biochem Biophys Res Commun 178 (3): 101420. doi:10.1016/0006-291X(91)90993-H. PMID 1831354.
- ^ a b "Entrez Gene: ATP5F1 ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F0 complex, subunit B1". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=515.
- ^ Carbajo RJ, Kellas FA, Runswick MJ, Montgomery MG, Walker JE, Neuhaus D (August 2005). "Structure of the F1-binding domain of the stator of bovine F1Fo-ATPase and how it binds an alpha-subunit". J. Mol. Biol. 351 (4): 82438. doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2005.06.012. PMID 16045926.
[edit] Further reading
- Gay NJ, Walker JE (1986). "Two genes encoding the bovine mitochondrial ATP synthase proteolipid specify precursors with different import sequences and are expressed in a tissue-specific manner". EMBO J. 4 (13A): 351924. PMC 554691. PMID 2868890. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=554691.
- Farrell LB, Nagley P (1987). "Human liver cDNA clones encoding proteolipid subunit 9 of the mitochondrial ATPase complex". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 144 (3): 125764. doi:10.1016/0006-291X(87)91446-X. PMID 2883974.
- Houst?k J, Andersson U, Tvrdík P et al. (1995). "The expression of subunit c correlates with and thus may limit the biosynthesis of the mitochondrial F0F1-ATPase in brown adipose tissue". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (13): 768994. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.13.7689. PMID 7706317.
- Maruyama K, Sugano S (1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides". Gene 138 (12): 1714. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298.
- Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K et al. (1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library". Gene 200 (12): 14956. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID 9373149.
- Elston T, Wang H, Oster G (1998). "Energy transduction in ATP synthase". Nature 391 (6666): 5103. doi:10.1038/35185. PMID 9461222.
- Wang H, Oster G (1998). "Energy transduction in the F1 motor of ATP synthase". Nature 396 (6708): 27982. doi:10.1038/24409. PMID 9834036.
- Jia L, Young MF, Powell J et al. (2002). "Gene expression profile of human bone marrow stromal cells: high-throughput expressed sequence tag sequencing analysis". Genomics 79 (1): 717. doi:10.1006/geno.2001.6683. PMID 11827452.
- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=139241.
- Cross RL (2004). "Molecular motors: turning the ATP motor". Nature 427 (6973): 4078. doi:10.1038/427407b. PMID 14749816.
- Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA et al. (2004). "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 21217. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=528928.
- Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE et al. (2006). "The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1". Nature 441 (7091): 31521. doi:10.1038/nature04727. PMID 16710414.
- Ewing RM, Chu P, Elisma F et al. (2007). "Large-scale mapping of human proteinprotein interactions by mass spectrometry". Mol. Syst. Biol. 3 (1): 89. doi:10.1038/msb4100134. PMC 1847948. PMID 17353931. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1847948.
This article incorporates text from the public domain Pfam and InterPro IPR002146
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ATP synthase B/B' CF(0) Provide feedback
Part of the CF(0) (base unit) of the ATP synthase. The base unit is thought to translocate protons through membrane (inner membrane in mitochondria, thylakoid membrane in plants, cytoplasmic membrane in bacteria). The B subunits are thought to interact with the stalk of the CF(1) subunits. This domain should not be confused with the ab CF(1) proteins (in the head of the ATP synthase) which are found in PF00006
Internal database links
| SCOOP: | HrpE |
External database links
| PANDIT: | PF00430 |
| Pseudofam: | PF00430 |
| SCOP: | 1b9u |
| SYSTERS: | ATP-synt_B |
This tab holds annotation information from the InterPro database.
InterPro entry IPR002146
Transmembrane ATPases are membrane-bound enzyme complexes/ion transporters that use ATP hydrolysis to drive the transport of protons across a membrane. Some transmembrane ATPases also work in reverse, harnessing the energy from a proton gradient, using the flux of ions across the membrane via the ATPase proton channel to drive the synthesis of ATP.
There are several different types of transmembrane ATPases, which can differ in function (ATP hydrolysis and/or synthesis), structure (e.g., F-, V- and A-ATPases, which contain rotary motors) and in the type of ions they transport [PUBMED:15473999, PUBMED:15078220]. The different types include:
- F-ATPases (F1F0-ATPases), which are found in mitochondria, chloroplasts and bacterial plasma membranes where they are the prime producers of ATP, using the proton gradient generated by oxidative phosphorylation (mitochondria) or photosynthesis (chloroplasts).
- V-ATPases (V1V0-ATPases), which are primarily found in eukaryotic vacuoles and catalyse ATP hydrolysis to transport solutes and lower pH in organelles.
- A-ATPases (A1A0-ATPases), which are found in Archaea and function like F-ATPases (though with respect to their structure and some inhibitor responses, A-ATPases are more closely related to the V-ATPases).
- P-ATPases (E1E2-ATPases), which are found in bacteria and in eukaryotic plasma membranes and organelles, and function to transport a variety of different ions across membranes.
- E-ATPases, which are cell-surface enzymes that hydrolyse a range of NTPs, including extracellular ATP.
F-ATPases (also known as F1F0-ATPase, or H(+)-transporting two-sector ATPase) (EC) are composed of two linked complexes: the F1 ATPase complex is the catalytic core and is composed of 5 subunits (alpha, beta, gamma, delta, epsilon), while the F0 ATPase complex is the membrane-embedded proton channel that is composed of at least 3 subunits (A-C), nine in mitochondria (A-G, F6, F8). Both the F1 and F0 complexes are rotary motors that are coupled back-to-back. In the F1 complex, the central gamma subunit forms the rotor inside the cylinder made of the alpha(3)beta(3) subunits, while in the F0 complex, the ring-shaped C subunits forms the rotor. The two rotors rotate in opposite directions, but the F0 rotor is usually stronger, using the force from the proton gradient to push the F1 rotor in reverse in order to drive ATP synthesis [PUBMED:11309608]. These ATPases can also work in reverse to hydrolyse ATP to create a proton gradient.
This entry represents subunits B and B' from the F0 complex in F-ATPases found in chloroplasts and in bacterial plasma membranes. The B subunits are part of the peripheral stalk that links the F1 and F0 complexes together, and which acts as a stator to prevent certain subunits from rotating with the central rotary element. The peripheral stalk differs in subunit composition between mitochondrial, chloroplast and bacterial F-ATPases. In bacterial and chloroplast F-ATPases, the peripheral stalk is composed of one copy of the delta subunit (homologous to OSCP in mitochondria), and two copies of subunit B in bacteria, or one copy each of subunits B and B' in chloroplasts and photosynthetic bacteria [PUBMED:16045926].
More information about this protein can be found at Protein of the Month: ATP Synthases [PUBMED:].
Gene Ontology
The mapping between Pfam and Gene Ontology is provided by InterPro. If you use this data please cite InterPro.
| Cellular component | proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, coupling factor F(o) (GO:0045263) |
| Molecular function | hydrogen ion transmembrane transporter activity (GO:0015078) |
| Biological process | ATP synthesis coupled proton transport (GO:0015986) |
Domain organisation
Below is a listing of the unique domain organisations or architectures in which this domain is found. More...
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Pfam Clan
This family is a member of clan ATP_synthase (CL0255), which contains the following 12 members:
ATP-synt_8 ATP-synt_B FliH Fun_ATP-synt_8 HrpE Mt_ATP-synt_B NolV OSCP V-ATPase_G vATP-synt_E Yae1_N YMF19Alignments
We store a range of different sequence alignments for families. As well as the seed alignment from which the family is built, we provide the full alignment, generated by searching the sequence database using the family HMM. We also generate alignments using four representative proteomes (RP) sets, the NCBI sequence database, and our metagenomics sequence database. More...
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We make a range of alignments for each Pfam-A family. You can see a description of each above. You can view these alignments in various ways but please note that some types of alignment are never generated while others may not be available for all families, most commonly because the alignments are too large to handle.
| Seed (27) |
Full (5963) |
Representative proteomes | NCBI (3817) |
Meta (3365) |
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| RP15 (418) |
RP35 (853) |
RP55 (1083) |
RP75 (1260) |
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| PP/heatmap | 1 | |||||||
| Pfam viewer | ||||||||
1Cannot generate PP/Heatmap alignments for seeds; no PP data available
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We make all of our alignments available in Stockholm format. You can download them here as raw, plain text files or as gzip-compressed files.
| Seed (27) |
Full (5963) |
Representative proteomes | NCBI (3817) |
Meta (3365) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RP15 (418) |
RP35 (853) |
RP55 (1083) |
RP75 (1260) |
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| Raw Stockholm | ||||||||
| Gzipped | ||||||||
You can also download a FASTA format file containing the full-length sequences for all sequences in the full alignment.
External links
MyHits provides a collection of tools to handle multiple sequence alignments. For example, one can refine a seed alignment (sequence addition or removal, re-alignment or manual edition) and then search databases for remote homologs using HMMER3.
HMM logo
HMM logos is one way of visualising profile HMMs. Logos provide a quick overview of the properties of an HMM in a graphical form. You can see a more detailed description of HMM logos and find out how you can interpret them here. More...
Trees
This page displays the phylogenetic tree for this family's seed alignment. We use FastTree to calculate neighbour join trees with a local bootstrap based on 100 resamples (shown next to the tree nodes). FastTree calculates approximately-maximum-likelihood phylogenetic trees from our seed alignment.
Note: You can also download the data file for the tree.
Curation and family details
This section shows the detailed information about the Pfam family. You can see the definitions of many of the terms in this section in the glossary and a fuller explanation of the scoring system that we use in the scores section of the help pages.
Curation
| Seed source: | Pfam-B_137 (release 1.0) |
| Previous IDs: | none |
| Type: | Family |
| Author: | Finn RD |
| Number in seed: | 27 |
| Number in full: | 5963 |
| Average length of the domain: | 130.10 aa |
| Average identity of full alignment: | 24 % |
| Average coverage of the sequence by the domain: | 75.06 % |
HMM information
| HMM build commands: |
build method: hmmbuild -o /dev/null HMM SEED
search method: hmmsearch -Z 23193494 -E 1000 --cpu 4 HMM pfamseq
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| Model details: |
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| Model length: | 132 | ||||||||||||
| Family (HMM) version: | 13 | ||||||||||||
| Download: | download the raw HMM for this family |
Species distribution
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Structures
For those sequences which have a structure in the Protein DataBank, we use the mapping between UniProt, PDB and Pfam coordinate systems from the PDBe group, to allow us to map Pfam domains onto UniProt sequences and three-dimensional protein structures. The table below shows the structures on which the ATP-synt_B domain has been found. There are 3 instances of this domain found in the PDB. Note that there may be multiple copies of the domain in a single PDB structure, since many structures contain multiple copies of the same protein seqence.
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Archea
Eukaryota
Bacteria
Other sequences
Viruses
Unclassified
Viroids
Unclassified sequence